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The exposure-response pattern for anencephalus was inconsistent with an elevated effect estimate in low but not in medium exposure category.
Additionally, there was a remarkably consistent indication of a possible dose response effect when comparing risk estimates for the medium exposure category to the high.
Following additional adjustment for age at baseline, odds ratios (medium exposure category: OR = 1.15, 95 % CI: 0.92-1.42; high exposure category: OR = 1.10, 95 % CI: 0.77-1.57) diminisomewhatewhat in magnitude and results were less precise.
For FVC, there was a significant negative association for the medium exposure category and a significant dose response trend; for FEV1, the dose response trend did not reach statistical significance (table 4).
In the adjusted analysis, the associations were strengthened with the medium exposure category estimate for FEV1 becoming statistically significant, and the dose response trend significant for FEV1 and near-significant for FVC (table 2).
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Ovarian cancer was also positively associated with the very high exposure category [2.1 (95% CI: 0.8, 5.5) n = 5] but again imprecise because of small numbers, and weaker associations for the high and medium exposure categories with a negative association in the lowest exposure category.
AORs for the association between the very high and medium exposure categories and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were moderate [1.89595% CI: 1.0, 3.4) n = 11 and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0, 2.2) n = 28, respectively], while AORs for high and low exposure categories were close to the null compared with the unexposed.
Again, in the United Utilities region, the risk was always highest and significant in the high-exposure category, with intermediate risk in the medium-exposure category.
When workers were categorized according to serum TCDD level, the SIR was 2.5 (0.5 7.4; 3 cases) in the low-exposure category (<0.1 µg/kg body weight), 1.1 (0.0 5.9; 1 case) in the medium-exposure category (0.1 0.99 µg/kg body weight), and 0.0 (0.0 2.5; 0 cases) the high-exposure category (≥1 µg/kg body weight).
Statistically significant excess risks were observed for isolated anomalies only for ventricular septal defects and esophageal anomalies in the high- and medium-exposure categories, respectively, of TTHMs and for a subset of major cardiac defects and gastroschisis in the high-exposure category of bromoform.
Table 2 shows the distributions of albumin adducts stratified by blood-collection medium and exposure category.
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medium inequality category
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medium cotinine category
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com