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The reason for this medium effect is not known, however, the commercially purchased KnockOut™ serum replacement (KOSR™) (Invitrogen) is a product with more-defined growth supplement (exact formulation is not described) that reduces spontaneous differentiation in ESCs.
The ANOVA confirmed that the medium effect is very large for these traits (Tables 2, 3).
This medium effect is in line with effect sizes ranging from 0.36 to 0.42 determined in meta-analyses referred above.
A medium effect is anticipated, rather than a small effect as reported in the literature, with the use of a reliable and valid measure of treatment preferences.
Cohen's guidelines for interpretation of r suggest that the limit for a large effect size is 0.5, for a medium effect is 0.3 and for a small effect is 0.1.
The standards given by Cohen to interpret D is that a large effect size is one that is equal to or greater than 0.80, a medium effect is one that is equal to or greater than 0.50 but less than 0.80, and a small effect is one that is equal to or greater than 0.20 but less than 0.50.
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The power in these comparisons to detect a medium effect was middling (.58 and.56, respectively).
For all traits, the medium effect was highly significant (Table 2 and Figure 1), and accounted for the most important part of total variation (from ∼34% for JT50 up to ∼80% for S).
A medium effect was defined as MD 10%to20%0% of the scale and SMD or ' d' scores from 0.5 to 0.8.
Small effects were found for all categories of marital status and a medium effect was found for divorced (more self-completed responses).
A difference in satisfaction scores of at least 0.5 standard deviation (SD), a medium effect, was considered to be clinically relevant.
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