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However, the largest scatter in impact toughness occurred in the sample with medium cooling rate (15 °C/s), which was attributed to the heterogeneity in crystallographic structures.
On the basis of these reports, we believe that the coexistence of α- and β-phases in CoMoO4 and NiMoO4 nanowires can be attributed to the medium cooling rate (≈10°C/min to 30°C/min) applied after post-annealing or to a change of phase transition temperature with the unique morphologies of the samples.
However, these two cases can co-exist in the same sample at medium cooling rate, indicating that the cleavage fracture is controlled by the effective grain size (Bain-zone size) and the scatter in impact toughness is associated much to the proportion and relative location between fine and coarse Bain zones.
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Previous conversion models have limited applications in plain medium-carbon steels with variable bainite start temperatures (Bs) and martensite start temperatures (Ms), which are cooling rate dependent and cannot be distinguished on dilatometric curves.
It is believed that the cooling rate of the coating samples is closely related with the thermal conductivity of the cooling mediums.
The cooling rate c 4.
The sample is later cooled under a controlled rate of cooling (cooling rate 5 °C min−1).
Then, it was cooled in the air with a cooling rate of 1 K/s.
The membrane was then cooled at room temperature at a cooling rate of 1°C min-1.
Finally, the sample was cooled down again to 5 °C at a cooling rate of 0.2 °C/min.
Immersion cooling to 25°C lasted 125 ± 15 minutes giving a cooling rate of 6.8 ± 0.7°C/h.
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