Longitudinal mixed-effects repeated-measures modeling was used to compare ECT plus medication and medication alone for efficacy and global cognitive function outcomes.At 24 weeks, the ECT plus medication group had statistically significantly lower HAM-D scores than the medication only group.
The medication group had significantly lower total motor age percentile (median = 18 versus 75, U = 51, Z = -2.73, p = 0.006), simultaneous movement percentile (median = 1 versus 85, U = 43, Z = -3.026 p = 0.02) and hand-eye coordination percentile (median = 28 versus 72, U = 70.5, Z = - 2.064, p = 0.038) than the non-medicated BD group.
Inclusion will be stopped if the number of patients needed per drug (or medication group) has been reached.
Compared with patients who did not fill medication prescriptions, the medicated group had significantly fewer inpatient detoxification days (4758 vs. 447 per 1000 patients), opioid-related (111 vs. 677) and nonopioid-related (292 vs. 731) admissions (all P values < 0.0001).
The various active medication-treatment groups had numerical superiority to placebo: sustained response was seen in the 29.9% of vilazodone 20 mg/day subjects, 33.5% of vilazodone 40 mg/day subjects, and 31.1% of citalopram-treated subjects versus 26.3% of placebo-treated subjects.
The four medication groups also had significantly different proportions (p < .001) in regard to medically significant weight gain.
Linear mixed modeling showed both the intervention and usual care groups had fewer medication management problems as measured by the MedMaIDE (F = 6.91, p <.01) and MDC (F = 9.72, p <.01) at 2 months post-intervention.
None of the patients in both groups had antidepressive medication at admission.
A similar percentage of patients in both groups had chronic medication with beta-adrenergic receptor blockers, and we suggest that the lower heart rate was due to the effects of the interscalene block, since it is known to induce a Bezold-Jarisch reflex with bradycardia [ 8].
The patients with longer sleep duration were more likely to have a nap during the daytime and medication for hypertension; otherwise the treatment groups had no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the different sleep duration groups.
