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Our results show that the protein interface mediating synapsis is localized to a region within the catalytic domains, thereby positioning the DNA strands on the outside of the Hin tetrameric complex.
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In the bacterial elements Tn10 and Tn5 synapsis is mediated by the dimerization of monomers bound to either end of the transposon.
To explain this, we propose that the probability of ectopic chromosome synapsis increases with increased LCR length, and that ectopic synapsis is a necessary precursor to ectopic crossing-over.
This is the third stage of the prophase of meiosis I, in which synapsis is completed and homologous recombination occurs.
Consistently, synapsis is initiated at centromeres (Tsubouchi et al. 2008).
With relaxed plasmid and short linear substrates, synapsis is the rate limiting step.
In general, lack of synapsis is associated with persistence of markers of DSB repair [ 16].
Synapsis is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that enables crossover during prophase.
When synapsis is maximal, approximately 90% of the complete Y-chromosomal axis is synapsed [ 25, 26].
This synapsis is essential for S region repair via the NHEJ pathway.
During synapsis, the synaptonemal complex (SC) keeps the homologous chromosomes physically connected along their axes (reviewed in Zickler 2006) and ultimate complete synapsis is essential for normal continuation of the meiotic prophase.
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