Levels of Jhd2 protein in yeast are modulated through polyubiquitylation by the E3 ubiquitin ligase Not4 and its turnover is mediated by the proteasome [ 30].
LpxC is an unstable protein and its turnover is mediated by the essential IM-located, Zn-dependent metalloprotease FtsH in conjunction with the recently identified heat shock protein LapB [ 9, 46, 47].
We have consistently observed that SOX and muSOX function similarly in isolation, mediating mRNA turnover, relocalization of PABPC to the nucleus and hyperadenylation of nuclear mRNA [6], [13].
The data presented above show that tropomyosin does not present a barrier for the action of yeast cofilin, suggesting that Cof1 may be intrinsically capable of mediating the turnover of actin cables.
These proteins could, therefore, require accessory factors for mediating mRNA turnover.
In other words, the nuclear FAK's FERM domain enables mediating p53 turnover in regulation of cell proliferation and survival [ 37].
These findings indicate that in chrysanthemum, CmCCD4a is the single most important factor that regulates carotenoid accumulation by mediating carotenoid turnover.
SOCS3 is also a potent suppressor of proliferation in both transformed and nontransformed IEC lines, supporting a role in mediating IEC turnover, ostensibly due to regulation of "inflammatory" signaling, for example by limiting TNF-α-induced NF-κB translocation and IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation (9, 12, 17, 21).
The linker region may have a regulatory role in the rate of ATP hydrolysis, as has been described for P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 [ 16], or it could mediate the turnover of the ABC transporter [ 17].
An alternative possibility for how UEV-1 regulates GLR-1 is that it regulates trafficking at a step further down in the secretion pathway, perhaps by mediating GLR-1 turnover after endocytosis.
