Its DNA-binding domain is considered a hybrid between that of NFAT and NF-κB proteins, since it binds NFAT-like DNA elements [3] but also conserves the molecular mechanism that mediates dimerization in NF-κB proteins [4] [6].
Importantly, the BH region that mediates dimerization in p85α is not conserved in p85β, neither in sequence nor in structure (the structure of the p85β BH domain has been deposited in the PDB, accession number 2XS6, but no associated manuscript has been published to date).
Dimerization has been postulated to be necessary for LRRK2 kinase activity and the GTPase domain important in mediating dimerization [25], [38] [40].
38, 39 All mutations were restricted to the Src-like homology 2 domain, mediating dimerization and activation of the STAT3 protein, 38, 39 especially in three hot spots: Y640F, D661Y/V/H/I, and N647I (Fig. 3).
The RD contains two distinct functional surfaces – one involved in DNA binding (composed of 10 functional residues) and one mediating dimerization with CBFβ.
PREP5 encodes a protein with a LisH (LIS1 homology) motif, which is found in many signaling proteins of the WD-40 family and is believed to help regulate microtubule dynamics by mediating dimerization or binding to cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain.
Thus, both sets of rigid body calculations suggest that the CTDUF packs against the catalytic core in the same way that the oligomerization domain mediates dimerization in type A PutAs.
Mutations in TM1 and TM4 had no effect on hFSHR dimerization, alone or when combined with mutation of Tyr110 in the ECD, a residue predicted to mediate dimerization of the soluble hormone-binding portion of the ECD complexed with FSH (Q. Fan and W. Hendrickson, Nature 433:20052005 2005).
A globular sequence is situated at the C-terminus of the molecule (in the bZIP domain of ATF1, AA 214 271) that mediates dimerization and DNA-binding.
The latter is also predicted to be a dimer by protein interaction interface analysis [45] and, although the residues involved in homodimerization are not conserved, an interaction between α-helices also mediates dimerization (Fig. 3c).
