Drawing on arguments from liabilities of newness and certification literatures we develop a mediated model that unpacks the outcome additionality of the subsidy.
According to the 3E theory (elimination, equilibrium and escape) of cancer immunoediting proposed by Robert Schreiber and colleagues7,8, tumour mass dormancy represents the equilibrium of tumour growth and immune-mediated tumour killing, determining the outcome of tumour escape or elimination.
A new study reveals that these general splicing factors function through a concentration-dependent mechanism, coupled with nonsense-mediated decay, to determine the outcome of PKM pre-mRNA splicing.
Our results imply that the honeybee has the ability to modulate its perceptual sensitivities via an outcome-mediated cognitive mechanism, since the outcome associated with a binary odor mixture strongly affected a honeybee's sensitivity to differences in the ratio of two odors.
As summarised by Wang [ 6], BR activation of BRI1 seems to have two opposite effects on BAK1-mediated FLS2 signaling, and the outcome seems to depend on the relative levels of BR, BRI1, and BAK1.
The basic 'indirect mutualist' (the enemy of your enemy is your friend) interaction between bacteria and temperate phage can also be viewed in terms of parasite-mediated apparent competition, whereby the outcome of competition between two competitors is determined by their relative susceptibility to a shared parasite (Hudson and Greenman 1998; Tompkins et al. 2001; Joo et al. 2006).
Therefore, there might be relationships between these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cytokine-mediated inflammation, which may affect the outcome of the disease.
The cell-mediated immune response largely determines the outcome of Leishmania infection, and therefore most cases of overt VL in HIV patients occur when CD4 cells count is under 200/mm3 [ 2, 5, 19].
The recombination directionality factor, Xis, is a DNA bending protein that determines the outcome of integrase-mediated site-specific recombination by redesign of higher-order protein DNA architectures.
In the current study, we examined the outcome of PTK-mediated signal transduction following CD19 cross-linking on surface Ig negative and surface Ig positive B cell lines, as well as freshly isolated surface Ig-negative B cell precursors.
