This problem makes it difficult to reveal molecular basis for ubiquitination-mediated internalization in mammals.
As such, these methods hold promise for future measurements of receptor-mediated internalization in other cell systems, e.g. pathogen-host systems.
While our system's overall time scale was ∼10 h (refer to Supplement S1, section SVI.2), we did not represent the full extent of the vasculature and vessel-mediated internalization in our model.
These data are also suggestive of HER2 utilizing the same clathrin mechanism for receptor internalization as EGFR [ 10]. β2-adrenergic receptors are prototypical for clathrin-dependent internalization of G-protein-coupled receptors [ 35, 36], and transferrin is a well-documented standard for clathrin-mediated internalization in general [ 37].
However the receptor showed a small increase in agonist mediated internalization, possibly suggesting an increase in coupling to β-arrestin.
The LP-49 mediated internalization of Fe-cMyco in the unbound form (seen in Fig. 7C-2, curve b), was however much less significant than that facilitated by Rv2895c.
Interestingly, some researchers have shown that in the absence of circulating antibody, Fc receptor mediated internalization of L. mexicana in mouse phagocytes is compromised, leading to increased host protection.
For example, thiol modification of surface thioredoxin results in its lipid raft-mediated internalization resulting in changes in the intracellular redox state [30].
In contrast, factors that increase total VEGF clearance, e.g. VEGFR-mediated internalization, result in decreased proteolytic conversion.
If this is the case, even though cubilin is highly expressed in the VYS of RFC1-/ embryos, cubilin-mediated internalization of nutrients in the VYS may be impaired in the absence of megalin, resulting in the observed accumulation of cubilin on the apical surface of the plasma membrane.
