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Exact(12)
In terms of total hormone output, the effect of DHEAS on sNGF was mediated by testosterone.
However, aggression may be mediated by testosterone or estrogen despite basal concentrations of these steroids by increasing sensitivity to steroids in specific brain regions.
Studies of men undergoing pharmacologic inhibition of testosterone production would be the best approach to determine whether these sex differences in gene expression are mediated by testosterone.
Although not examined here, it has been proposed that behavioral responses to stress are mediated by testosterone in males and by oxytocin in females.
Two arguments could support the hypothesis of a trade-off mediated by testosterone between response to phytohaemagglutinin and secondary sexual character in A. scherman.
The molecular mechanisms underlying the protection mediated by testosterone included suppression of myostatin and the non-canonical TGF-β pathway via JNK signaling.
Similar(48)
The sex difference in muscle mass is presumed to be mediated by higher testosterone levels in men, because of the well known anabolic effect of testosterone [11] [13] and because estrogens and progestins do not reduce muscle mass [14] [17].
Although the inverse association of testosterone with diabetes is partially mediated by SHBG, low testosterone is linked to diabetes via a bidirectional relationship with visceral fat, muscle, and possibly bone (12).
This differential GH action may be mediated by interactions involving testosterone and GH.
As described above, seasonal changes in bill color are mediated by changes in testosterone levels, and therefore we predicted that the extent of coloration in this dynamic ornament should be related to current testosterone levels.
These results suggest that any protective effects of androgens in atherosclerosis are likely to be mediated by conversion of testosterone to oestrogens, by effects on classical cardiovascular risk factors such as cholesterol, or by AR outside the vascular wall.
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