By inhibiting PDE4-mediated breakdown of cAMP, apremilast works intracellularly to regulate inflammatory mediators that are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and PsA [ 175, 176].
Heparin inhibited the plasmin-mediated breakdown of the VEGF165 isoform (Figure 3F), but not VEGF121 (Figure 3G).
The respiratory distress of critically ill anthrax patients might be caused by LT-mediated breakdown of the respiratory barrier and influx of fluid into the lungs.
However, as Mdm2 induces ubiquitin-mediated breakdown of target proteins we first analyzed whether Mdm2 could catalyze ubiquitin addition to FOXO4 in vitro.
Muscle atrophy during cachexic states ultimately stems from ubiquitin-mediated breakdown of myofibrils.
PIs suppress proteasome-mediated breakdown of nascent apolipoprotein (apo) B, resulting in the overproduction of triglyceride.
As expected from the TEM assays, the addition of soluble CXCL9 significantly accelerated melanoma-mediated breakdown of the EC monolayer in a concentration-dependent manner.
The topical retinoid treatments inhibit the UV-induced, MMP-mediated breakdown of collagen and protect against UV-induced decreases in procollagen expression.
Based on our observations, leukocyte-mediated breakdown of displaced NP tissue within the intact IVD could occur and may therefore represent a further mechanism in the process of protrusion resolution.
However, cooperative interactions seem to be crucial to a range of bacterial traits associated with virulence, such as nutrient scavenging [ 14- 16], the toxin-mediated breakdown of host tissues [ 29] and persistence (e.g. the formation of biofilms [ 30, 31]).
