Language mediated visual attention requires visual and linguistic information integration and has thus been used to examine properties of the architecture supporting multimodal processing during spoken language comprehension.
To investigate more specifically whether the mushroom bodies might be involved in dunce-mediated visual attention responses, we used a Gal4 driver labeling most of the mushroom bodies, c309-Gal4 [15] (Figure 4D).
Although seed-mediated gene flow has received less attention than pollen-mediated gene flow in the literature [1], it was clearly the most prominent source of cry1Ac transgene flow in this study (Table 1, Table 3).
Pharmacological intervention of redox balance in cancer cells often results in oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis, attracting much attention for the development of a new generation of targeted therapy in cancer.
However, in contrast to the discrete immune specificity borne by individual T-cell or antibody-mediated immune reactions, recent attention has been directed to global patterns formed by collectives of low-titer antibody reactivities as indicative of immune-system state in both health and disease [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6].
In a psychophysical study, Lee and colleagues [29] proposed that response normalization was involved in attention-mediated changes in discrimination thresholds for luminance contrast, orientation, and spatial frequency.
Since these attention-mediated effects could occur in response to many different acoustic stimuli, and in the absence of stress-related effects, this implication will apply to a huge range of situations.
These attention-mediated effects of noise are driven by a limited capacity to attend simultaneously to multiple stimuli [26], and thus might occur when all sorts of sound stimuli are added to an animal's environment, while the more obvious noise effects (auditory damage, masking and allostatic stress-related responses) might only occur in response to noise and sounds of a specific nature.
The decision inherits its content from the attention-mediated recognition of the indication that deciding to A is appropriate.
All of the above models provide possible solutions as to how attention-mediated changes in neuronal synchrony might be implemented at the neuronal level but they do not address the question of whether synchrony plays a fundamental role in cognition.
