As relevant examples, we focus on the discovery of (i) a "new" cellular AAV receptor, AAVR, (ii) host restriction factors for AAV entry, and (iii) AAV capsid determinants that mediate trafficking through the blood brain barrier.
Finally, one must consider the mechanism of cellular internalization, and investigators should attempt to target pathways and incorporate vector functionalities that will mediate trafficking to the subcellular compartment that is optimal for activity of the nucleic acid cargo.
Fourth, the falcipain prodomain is much larger than that of most other described papain-family proteases, with downstream sequence similar to papain and related enzymes, but unique upstream regions that mediate trafficking of falcipain-2 to the food vacuole, the site of hydrolysis of hemoglobin (9).
Chemokines and their receptors mediate trafficking of leukocytes into the CNS in response to injury or infection.
As an example, some RBPs in plant cells can mediate trafficking to defined regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Carboxy-terminal binding sites for tubulin and associated motor transport proteins mediate trafficking of connexins to the correct destination at the cell surface, while ZO-1 is intimately involved in regulation of gap junction size.
For example, MT-binding protein EB1 has recently been shown to mediate trafficking of Cx43, an essential component of the intercalated disc, to the plasma membrane (Smyth et al., 2010).
In another example, involving VTI11 and relocalized VTI14, VTI11 has been shown to form SNARE complexes with SYP2 and SYP5-type syntaxins (reviewed in Surpin and Raikhel 2004), which mediate trafficking to lytic vacuoles (Sanmartín et al. 2007).
In the following years, it became clear that SEC genes generally encode for key components of the machineries that mediate trafficking of a transport vesicle, including a few SNARE proteins.
