These extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are mutant, plasmid-mediated, and produced by gram negative bacilli that mediate resistance to penicillin, cephalosporins, and monobactams [ 9].
In melanoma cells, IGF1 has been shown to mediate resistance to anoikis-induced apoptosis.
Furthermore, we found that some codons that mediate resistance to adamantane derivatives are under positive selection, but did not find positive selection on codons that mediate resistance to oseltamivir.
IL-17A-secreting CD4+ T cells (TH17) mediate resistance to mucosal colonization by multiple pathogens including S. pneumoniae.
As a consequence, HIFs mediate resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy and are associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients.
CusB bridges the inner-membrane efflux pump CusA and outer-membrane channel CusC to mediate resistance to Cu+ and Ag+ ions.
CD4+ helper T cells mediate resistance to tuberculosis, presumably by enhancing the antimicrobial activity of macrophages within which the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism grows.
Recent studies in yeast, mouse and human cells suggest that the conserved metal binding transporters of the Cu homeostasis pathway can mediate resistance to Pt drugs in cancer cells.
We assess candidate biomarkers for patient selection, highlighting the potential predictive value of circulating IGFs/IGFBPs, the need for standardized assays for IGF-1R, and preclinical evidence that variant InsRs mediate resistance to IGF-1R antibodies.
These mechanisms may mediate resistance to the TKIs in breast cancer cell lines.
These findings showed that TNF-α mediate resistance to P. brasiliensis infection [20].
