Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) are well characterized immunomodulators that mediate multiple aspects of the innate immune response.
Progestin rapidly activates p42/p44 MAPKs in breast cancer which mediate multiple aspects of PR function [ 1, 8].
These data show that flagellar motility plays a role in inducing a specific host immune response that is independent of its later role in migration into the light-organ crypts (Brennan et al., 2013), suggesting that biosynthesis of the flagellum, and its subsequent functions, may mediate multiple aspects of symbiotic initiation.
EphB2 is found at synapses in cortex [13] and EphB signaling mediates multiple aspects of neuronal synapse development including dendritic filopodia motility [14], spine formation [14], [15], [16], [17], NMDA receptor clustering and function [18], [19], [20], [21], and presynaptic maturation [22], [23].
Further studies showed that disruption of olfactory receptor modulator (Or83b) alone was sufficient to increase life span and induce a number of stress-resistant phenotypes, thus supporting the role of perception in mediating multiple aspects of the DR related response.
These genes will mediate in multiple aspects of proliferation, metabolism, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, or therapy resistance [ 46– 46].
Using qualitative and quantitative data from a case study of four neighbourhoods in north London, the analysis shows how this experience is mediated by multiple aspects of place, which may be seen as overlain.
Thus, hnRNPH activity appears to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of malignant gliomas as the centre of a splicing oncogenic switch, which might reflect reactivation of stem cell patterns and mediates multiple key aspects of aggressive tumour behaviour, including evasion from apoptosis and invasiveness.
It was proposed that such a renal injury as we showed in the ET rats is a dynamic process mediated by multiple factors, multiple ways and multiple aspects.
What molecular mechanisms might mediate these powerful effects of actinin-3 on multiple aspects of muscle metabolism and physiology?
The Group I metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor, mGlu5, plays a pivotal role in multiple aspects of hippocampal function: it mediates hippocampus-dependent short- and long-term spatial memory (Balschun and Wetzel, 2002; Naie and Manahan-Vaughan, 2004; Balschun et al., 2006) and is a key factor in diseases that affect cognition and memory such as fragile X syndrome (Dölen and Bear, 2008).
