It directly interacts with Dnmt1 and mediates its phosphorylation and it is involved in the structural organization and dynamics of nuclear speckles, suggesting that, like MeCP2, it might be implicated in the regulation of gene expression.
We investigated the response of αB-crystallin to oxidative stress and calpain inhibition in an attempt to elucidate the signalling pathways mediating its phosphorylation.
A possible mechanism for this action is that miR-143 down-regulates MAPK1, and increases PPARγ transcriptional activity by mediating its phosphorylation [ 32, 33].
The tyrosine kinases TrkC [ 39] and Src [ 40] also interact with BMPRII and could thus facilitate or mediate its tyrosine phosphorylation at sites required for the interaction to p55γ.
PDK1 mediates its own phosphorylation, thus explaining why the protein expressed in bacteria is phosphorylated and fully active; most likely this phosphorylation proceeds by a trans-molecular mechanism [ 178].
However, more recent studies suggest that Echinoid acts at the receptor in flies (Rawlins et al, 2003), and that EGF receptor physically associates with Echinoid and mediates its tyrosine phosphorylation when the two proteins are coexpressed in cultured cells (Spencer and Cagan, 2003).
mTOR mediates its action via phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF-4E) binding protein (4E-BP1) disruptheg the integrity of these two components, which is essential for inhibiting cap-dependent mRNA translation, resulting in enhanced HIF-1 α protein translation (Fig. 3a).
Although we can't exclude the possibility that FASTKD2 mediates its apoptotic response through phosphorylation, it is likely that it initiates apoptosis via a different mechanism.
If the nuclear localization of p27 was mediated through its phosphorylation by Akt, the level of phosphorylated p27 (particularly on the Thr157 residue) would be lower in the Akt2-ablated cells than in the scrambled control.
