Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membrane particles that mediate intercellular communication by delivering molecular information between cells.
To elucidate the primary means through which EVs mediate intercellular communication, we characterized their ability to encapsulate and deliver different types of macromolecules from transiently transfected cells.
They bear surface receptors/ligands of the original cells and have the potential to selectively interact with specific target cells and mediate intercellular communication by transporting bioactive lipids, mRNA, or proteins between cells13,14.
aGPCRs have large alternatively spliced extracellular regions (ECRs) that likely mediate intercellular signaling; however, the precise roles of ECRs remain unclear.
MPs are small membrane-bound particles that originate from activated and dying cells and mediate intercellular communication.
Dear Editor, Exosomes are cup-shaped small (30 150 nm) extracellular vesicles with the structure of lipid bilayer membrane (Tkach and Thery, 2016) containing proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs that mediate intercellular communication (Valadi et al., 2007).
MPs mediate intercellular communication (Zhao et al., 2016; Tian et al., 2015; Budnik et al., 2016; Zappulli et al., 2016), resulting in secondary injures such as systemic coagulopathy and inflammation after TBI (Zhao et al., 2016; Tian et al., 2015).
Furthermore, exosomes carrying miRNA are believed to mediate intercellular signalling between tumour cells and bystander cells (Melo et al. 2016; Yang et al. 2011; Umezu et al. 2013; Sánchez et al. 2015).
Cell surface proteins mediate intercellular recognition and signal transduction.
For example, microvesicles may mediate intercellular communication by transporting bioactive lipids, mRNA, or proteins between cells.
