AUX1, which mediates influx of IAA into cells, was localized asymmetrically in the plasma membrane of certain cell types, facilitating directional auxin transport [ 69].
Although nAChR is an ion channel mediating influx of Na+ and Ca2+ and efflux of K+, its activation by a ligand, such as nicotine, elicits both ionic and non-ionic signaling events regulating phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of target proteins.
Transporters mediate the influx of nutrients and excretion of metabolites in mammalian cells, playing a key role in the regulation of metabolism.
Importantly, the absorptive epithelial cells lining the lumen of the small intestine, the enterocytes, express several membrane-associated proteins which mediate the influx of luminal cholesterol and its subsequent efflux at their apical and basolateral sides.
VacA was shown to primarily mediate an influx of chloride ions into the endosomes.
Thus, MIP-1α may mediate an influx of neutrophils and lymphocytes into the gut of torpid animals.
The inhibitory effect of glycine is facilitated by activation of ionotropic ligand-gated glycine receptors that mediate an influx of chloride ions and within lamina I-III glycine immunostaining is largely restricted to GABAergic neurons.
They mediate the influx of endogenous compounds such as bile salts, bilirubin glucuronides, thyroid hormones and steroid hormone metabolites, and clinically frequently used drugs like statins, HIV protease inhibitors, and the anti-cancer agents irinotecan or methotrexate [ 1- 5].
Culture studies reveal that AMPA/kainate and metabotropic receptors mediate the influx of calcium (Butt and Tutton, 1992; Patneau et al., 1994; Liu et al., 1997; Luyt et al., 2006).
Human copper transporter 1 (hCTR1) is the high-affinity copper influx transporter in mammalian cells that also mediates the influx of cisplatin.
