Sentence examples for mediate a tonic from inspiring English sources

The GABAAR α4 subunit is highly expressed in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus at predominantly extra synaptic locations where, along with the GABAAR δ subunit, it forms GABAA receptors that mediate a tonic inhibitory current.

Extensively reviewed by others, GABAARs lacking the γ subunit and containing the δ-subunit (δ-GABAARs) are benzodiazepine insensitive, located extrasynaptically, show high ligand affinity, exhibit relatively slow desensitization and mediate a tonic inhibitory Cl− current [17], [18].

These results indicate that endogenously produced PAF mediate a tonic growth of LNCaP and PC-3 cells.

However, In addition to their traditional role in phasic neurotransmission, it is now established that some LGICs mediate a tonic form of neuronal regulation that results from the activation of extra-synaptic receptors by ambient levels of neurotransmitter.

For example, extrasynaptically located receptors that contain α6- and δ-subunits in cerebellar granule cells, or an α4- and δ-subunit in dentate gyrus granule cells and thalamic neurones, mediate a tonic current that is important for neuronal excitability in response to ambient concentrations of GABA [4,13,32,40,45].

The present study provides a new evidence that 5-HTR4 mediatonic tonic and excitatory influence on the enzymatic activity of ChAT in both the dorsal hippocampus and septum, but not in the PFC, in baseline conditions.

Intense [3H]gaboxadol binding was found to be localized to the MGB while whole cell recordings from MGB neurons in the presence of gaboxadol demonstrated the expression of δ-subunit containing GABAARs capable of mediating a tonic inhibitory Cl− current.

In addition to synaptic currents (phase current), GABAA receptors also mediate a persistent tonic current, which reflects the activation of high-affinity GABAA receptors by low ambient GABA concentration [38].

Together, our results suggest that movement-related modulation of L5Benh firing rates is primarily mediated by a tonic depolarization in Vm, while reduced firing rates in L5Bsupp neurons result from a moderate hyperpolarization and significant reduction in Vm variance.

We therefore wondered if ambient glutamate could activate a tonic NMDAR-mediated current in cortical neurons and whether or not this current is mediated selectively by GluN2B-containing NMDARs?

Thalamic relay neurons within the dLGN express a tonic GABAAR-mediated conductance that, similar to that of hippocampal DGGCs, is likely to be mediated by α4βδ GABAARs (Cope et al., 2005; Bright et al., 2007).