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The median number of clusters was 14 (IQR 7.5-28.5); median total sample size 2449 (IQR 1098 6805); median patients per cluster 356 (IQR 90 706).
The cohort was predominately individually randomised parallel trials aiming to detect superiority between two treatments for a single primary outcome with a median total sample size of 583.
For example, in the systematic review by Cochrane and Ebmeier of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as a candidate biomarker for the diagnosis of Parkinson disease, the median total sample size of the 21 selected studies was 32 (mean = 39) [ 2].
For example, with a constant progression rate, the median total sample size required was 9,334 and ranged from 7,288 to 13,314, depending on the values of the infection parameters.
For example in the systematic review of 10 studies about the diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid NT-pro-BNP for pleural effusions of cardiac origin, performed by Janda and Swiston [ 13], the median total sample size was 104 (mean 112), and the pooled AUC was 98%%.
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2) Percentile ranks (PR) < 15 indicate that the mean or the median of the total sample is below average in comparison to a normative sample.
When one item was missing on a particular RCADS subscale, the item median of the total sample was imputed.
a. Median split of total sample spending pattern: "Low," < 1000; "High," ≥ 1000; n = 574 for males and n = 561 for females.
Educational level was divided into two groups, that is, low/middle (≤9 years), high (>9 years) based on the median of the total sample, and employment status was categorized as working full-time or part-time versus unemployed.
According to a predefined algorithm, a ratio between the two categories of "effort" and "reward" (weighted by item numbers) is calculated to quantify the degree of mismatch between high cost and low gain [ 22]. "Effort" and "reward" are coded as dichotomous variables using the median of the total sample as the cut point [ 22, 23].
Also with respect to discriminant validity, the results showed that the mean CHU9D values were significantly higher for all children with a PedsQL total score greater than or equal to the sample median total PedsQL score, compared to children with a PedsQL total score less than the sample median.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com