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For the effluent samples, E2 equivalent concentrations (EQ) were calculated by determining the dilution of effluent concentrate required to produce the median effect concentration of E2.
The embryotoxicity endpoint was about the determination of normal larvae development rates at various conditions, and median effect concentration (EC50) determination for each As exposure condition.
No Effect Concentration (NEC) and median Effect Concentration (EC50) for the total crustacean community and cladoceran and copepod subgroups ranged between 0.02 0.07 and 0.04 0.17 μg/l, respectively, with copepods being less sensitive than cladocerans.
Predictions based on the IA and CA models tend to underestimate the overall toxicity (in terms of median effect concentration) of the binary mixtures, but IA performs better than CA, irrespective of the effect level under consideration and the types of mixtures studied.
The median effect concentration (EC50) and EC20 values for juvenile production were 0.3 and 0.1 mg kg−1, respectively, for CL-20 freshly amended into soil, and 0.1 and 0.035 mg kg−1, respectively, for weathered and aged CL-20 soil treatments.
The observed product toxicity was estimated as the median effect concentration (EC50), i.e. the estimated concentration causing 50% effect by means of concentration response modelling for the key response variables growth rate, immobilization and mortality.
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Ionic iron showed slight toxicity effects only at 1570 mg/L and, therefore, no median effect concentrations were determined.
Results showed that median effect concentrations (EC50) of the MS-C and MS-S were 31 124 times higher than chitosan and cationic starch, respectively.
With regard to aquatic toxicity, median effect concentrations (EC50) for invertebrates (Daphnia magna, 48 h EC50 immobility), fish (various species, 96 h LC50 mortality), and green algae (various species, 72 h EC50 growth rate) were compiled.
Full concentration response curves were obtained for all of the chemicals, and the median effect concentrations (EC50 values) were determined.
In addition, the assessment with this data set is expected to be more conservative, because the lowest toxicity measures (median effect (lethal) concentration, E(L C50, and no-observed-effect-concentration, NOEC) within each of the six endpoints are used for the prediction.
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