Lactate measurement assay: Lactate concentrations in the culture media were measured using a colorimetric assay kit (SUNY at Buffalo).
At the end of period, the inhibition zones formed on the media were measured.
Real and bulk densities, porosity, sphericity and the equivalent diameter of these media were measured.
Moreover, swelling factors of oil in porous media were measured using micro-models made of two different diameter glass beads.
All the dye stuffs in the aqueous media were measured using double beam UV Vis spectrophotometer (Shimazdu UV-2100, Japan).
The electrocatalytic activities of TiO2@NPG toward the glucose oxidation in alkaline media were measured by cyclic voltammetry method.
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations in DMEM media were measured by ELISA kit (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI) according to the manufacturer's protocols.
The amount of PGE2, NO, TNF-α, IL-β, and IL-6 released into media were measured as described in the "Methods" section.
Breakthrough curves of dissolved metals and total metal accumulation within the filter media were measured in column tests using synthetic runoff.
Hydrogen peroxide concentrations of the cell-free media were measured in accordance with the Pierce Quantitative Peroxide Assay Kit Thermo Scientificc, Rockford, IL, USA) based on oxidation of ferrous to ferric ion in the presence of xylenol orange.
The overall biomass productivity and the pH and conductivity of the culture media were measured to determine the influence of a high pH and the salinity to be reached on the productivity.
