Finally, the usual mechanisms that increase efficiency in contracting -- like choosing, rewarding and punishing firms based on their experience and reputation -- have again been short-circuited.
Therefore, mechanisms that increase mutational robustness fuel evolvability.
In this section, we discuss several dynamic mechanisms that increase the loop density by generating new dislocation loops.
Other mechanisms that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing or obesity, may also be responsible for leaks [44, 45] (Fig. 12).
As such, it is important to understand the mechanisms that increase wall shear and mass transfer resulting from time-varying EOF perturbations.
These genomic lesions, which stem from the biochemical ability of AID to deaminate deoxycytidine in single-stranded DNA, are necessary for initiating mechanisms that increase the affinity and change the class of the antibodies to better fight infections.
Second, the differences in the δ15N of synthetic fertilizer and raw or composted manure are discussed with an emphasis on mechanisms that increase δ15N in raw or composted manure.
T2D is also associated with aging, and the underlying mechanisms that increase susceptibility of an individual to develop the disease implicate epigenetics: interactions between susceptible loci and the environment.
Therefore, signaling mechanisms that increase inflammatory cytokine production are of great interest.
As mechanisms that increase robustness spread, the system gains increasing fitness by reduced sensitivity to perturbations.
It has been suggested that activation of Nrf2 is dependent on the mechanisms that increase its stability [28], [29].
