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Biochemical weathering, often concurring with its mechanical counterpart, is mediated by microorganisms through mechanisms that include: the release of compounds that promote weathering, such as organic acids, chelators, and reactive species (e.g., H+).
This results in oxidative damage and neuronal cell death by mechanisms that include increased H2O2 release16,17.
The parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis suppresses host immune mechanisms that include melanization reactions.
The emerging large-scale LV wall motion exhibits complex contractile mechanisms that include contraction (twist) and expansion (untwist).
We hypothesized that these allele-specific changes in GATA2 expression are driven by transient epigenetic mechanisms that include changes in DNA methylation and chromatin mark deposition.
Our results suggest that T4 regulates lactase ontogeny by posttranslational mechanisms that include altered processing and increased degradation of the lactase enzyme.
The species acts as an excluder for almost all elements and its tolerance to the harsh environments is due to complex mechanisms that include defense and avoidance.
In order to correct these inefficiencies we propose mechanisms that include some form of an auction in which applicants bid for subsidies.
Therefore mechanisms that include features such as defect size and residual stress were considered when applying crack growth analyses to lifetime predictions.
It is important to establish separate functions and to gain further insight into the underlying mechanisms that include competitive exclusion and modification of colonic microflora.
To cope with such various environmental threats, the lung has developed elaborate defense mechanisms that include inflammatory-immune pathways as well as several antioxidant systems.
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