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The pathophysiology of migraine involves many different mechanisms including modulation of central and peripheral pain structures and release of vasoactive peptides.
These effects are limited by several mechanisms including modulation of the surface charge and the use of active extrusion [ 9- 11].
CDK activity is tightly monitored through several complex mechanisms including modulation of CDK stability by binding partner cyclins and CDK inhibitors [ 2, 3].
The function of epithelial E-cadherin is altered in most epithelial tumours and can be disrupted by various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, including modulation by signalling molecules.
This effect of inactivation of TNFα is probably due to different mechanisms including modulation of inflammatory state of the lungs, attenuation of the expression of NOS2 in the lungs and altered expression of other cytokines and chemokines [ 27, 29].
HBO influences tissues by different mechanisms, including modulation of the inflammatory response after BMT (Xiao-Yu et al. 2008) and mobilization of vasculogenic and HSCPs into circulation (Thom et al. 2006; Milovanova et al. 2009).
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Alcohol-related epigenetic mechanisms include modulation of DNA methylation, histone acetylation/deacetylation, and expression of micro RNA (French 2013).
These regulatory mechanisms include modulation of the innate immune system including macrophages and dendritic cells, and induction of regulatory T cells promoting an anti-inflammatory environment (Yazdanbakhsh et al. 2002).
Possible mechanisms include modulation of chromatin functions by NAMPT-regulated members of the Sirtuin family 7 28 and regulation by secondary mediators such as cytokines and chemokines that are upregulated by NAMPT.
Proposed mechanisms include modulation of matrix metalloproteinases associated with destruction of arterial elastic laminae [ 39], enhancement of smooth muscle tone [ 40], and promotion of smooth muscle cell proliferation [ 41] by reactive oxygen species.
Nonetheless, the data suggests that Cdk5 functions to attenuate hippocampal neuronal excitability via several mechanisms including the modulation of NMDARs.
More suggestions(15)
mechanisms including adaptation
mechanisms including alteration
processes including modulation
mechanisms include modulation
system including modulation
mechanisms including inhibition
mechanisms including wax
mechanisms including development
mechanisms including adsorption
mechanisms including hydroxylation
mechanisms underlying modulation
mechanisms including traffic
mechanisms including hypoxia
mechanisms including mutation
mechanisms including promoter
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