These mechanisms include modifications to the DNA and histone proteins, the positioning, composition, and remodeling of nucleosomes, as well as the formation of higher-order chromatin structures.
Epigenetic mechanisms include modifications in response to environmental stimuli, and contribute to cell- and tissue-specific gene expression profiles during brain development involving processes such as neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity 14, 15.
Though we cannot rule out that other mechanisms, including modifications to the spiking output of LMAN neurons, LMAN-RA connectivity strength, and the receptor composition at LMAN-RA synapses, contribute to regulating variability, our results suggest that reorganization in HVC-RA connectivity is the dominant mechanism underlying learning-related reduction in vocal variability.
Currently, GBE is widely used for medicine in China and showed excellent clinical effects in many aspects, and the pharmacological mechanisms including modification of Ca2+ signaling [ 17], clearing oxygen free radical [ 18], decreasing lipid peroxidation, and promoting the synthesis and release of epoprostenol [ 6].
Underlying mechanisms may include modifications in the cytokine network and increases in monocytic expression of cytoprotective Hsp27.
Mechanisms involved include modification of the drugs to less toxic derivatives or avoidance of their action by exclusion, target modification, and mutation of target-associated genes.
Such epigenetic mechanisms include histone modifications such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation and sumoylation followed by changes in the genomic architecture.
Potential mechanisms include disease modification as well as neuroprotective, neurotrophic, neuroregenerative and compensatory network responses to complex mental activity[5].
These mechanisms include histone modification, methylation and gene inactivation, and are covered by the study of epigenetics.
The biological mechanisms of DR's beneficial effects include modifications in energy metabolism, redox status, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, autophagy, neuroendocrine function, and induction of hormesis/xenohormesis response.
Connecting a variety of epigenomic mechanisms including histone modifications, post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs), and RNA editings to genes, drugs, and diseases, for investigating epigenomic regulations needs much more work to be done by translational bioinformatics researchers.
