Although the differences were not statistically significant on univariable analysis, we observed that children who were vitamin D deficient at admission were more likely to require mechanical ventilation, inotropes, fluid boluses, have higher organ dysfunction scores and have prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation.
Treatment is mainly supportive and consists of diuretics, mechanical ventilation, inotropes and steroids.
Treatment is still mainly supportive and relies mostly on diuretics but may necessitate mechanical ventilation, inotropes and steroids.
Thus, mechanical ventilation, inotropes, vasopressors, and CRRT prevent increases in early mortality but at the price of delayed and unrecognized increases in the risk of a more prolonged subsequent organ failure [ 16, 17].
We also collected information on patient demographics, baseline risk factors for cardiac disease, need for advanced life support (mechanical ventilation, inotropes or vasopressors, and dialysis), cardiac medications, ICU and hospital mortality, and length of ICU and hospital stay.
Daily, we collected laboratory results, cardiac medications and anticoagulants, new clinical events and complications that the ICU team detected (development of arrhythmias, pulmonary oedema, non-fatal cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock), need for advanced life support (mechanical ventilation, inotropes and/or vasopressors, and haemodialysis) and if ischaemic cardiac symptoms were present.
Patients who die in the PICU generally have multi-organ system involvement as evinced by the high rates of mechanical ventilation, inotrope and broad antibiotic usage.
Despite prolonged non-survival, caregivers can be assured that DNAR patients generally received the same level of PICU supports including hemodynamic monitoring, mechanical ventilation, inotrope and antimicrobial usage as NRCPR patients during their PICU course.
Within six hours of ICU admission, patients in either group were significantly more likely than those who did not belong to each group to have at least one comorbidity, lower body mass index, surgical admission type, transfusion, mechanical ventilation, inotrope use, and higher creatine, international normalized ratio, and lactate (all p < 0.05).
Lower PON1 activities were also observed in patient requiring mechanical ventilation or inotropes and/or vasopressors.
Complications include acute respiratory distress syndrome and hypotension, requiring mechanical ventilation and inotropes, respectively.
