The most frequent complications that develop during mechanical ventilation are ventilator-associated infections, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
The effects of extrinsic and intrinsic PEEP on respiratory-ventilator entrainment during controlled mechanical ventilation are less clear.
Critically ill patients who require mechanical ventilation are at risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Patients with auto-PEEP (or intrinsic PEEP) who require mechanical ventilation are often asynchronous with the ventilator.
In addition, adverse effects of excessive inspired O2 administration and mechanical ventilation are well documented, including hyperoxia- and ventilator-induced acute lung injury [2].
From the literature it is clear that patients on mechanical ventilation are at an increased risk of developing pneumonia (VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia).
Patients requiring prolonged periods of intensive care and mechanical ventilation are termedchronically critically ill.
The treatment of these patients remains complex, and the findings from retrospective studies have suggested that intubation and mechanical ventilation are inappropriate given the universally poor outcomes.
Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are major components of routine intensive care for very low birth weight newborns and sick full-term newborns.
Predictive indexes of weaning from mechanical ventilation are often inaccurate.
Key points for good practice with nebulization during mechanical ventilation are summarized in Table 3.
