Sentence examples for mechanical stretch increased from inspiring English sources

For example, Coffey and Hawley [5] outlined four distinct signals for mitochondrial biogenesis and improved glucose regulation, including mechanical stretch, increased intramuscular calcium concentration, reduced muscle ATP concentrations, and an increase in ROS, or other disruptions to muscle homeostasis.

They showed that in capillaries, which were isolated from overloaded skeletal muscles, mechanical stretch increased the expression of HIF-1α and MMP-2.

Moreover, mechanical stretch increases the number of active Nav1.5 channels and peak current, slows down recovery from, and stabilizes the inactivated states [ 110].

However, this conclusion is challenged by Yang and colleagues [ 102], who observed that repetitive mechanical stretching increases PGE2 production in human patellar tendon fibroblasts.

Several studies have shown that tenocytes undergoing mechanical stretching increase their expression of the genes for collagen type I and III as well regulatory genes and growth factors which influence collagen synthesis such as TGFB1 and SCXA[ 4, 8– 10].

In a model system examining the pathological effects of renal tubular distension, kidney epithelial cells exposed to cyclic mechanical stretch exhibited increased EMT [160].

Experiments in tissues and single myocytes indicated that mechanical stretch significantly increases the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the amplitude and duration of muscle contraction.

This finding was associated with a novel observation that mechanical stretch can increase BNP and NPRA expression in human cardiac fibroblasts, which could have important implications in modulating myocardial fibrosis.

Mechanical deformation, either by static or cyclical stretch, increases the rate of HA production in both intact joints (14, 29) and cultured rabbit intimal synoviocytes (52), demonstrating that synoviocytes exhibit a mechanosensitive response.

A high level of mechanical stretch is associated with increased epithelial cell necrosis, decreased apoptosis and increased IL-8 level [ 3].

Indeed the stimulatory effect of mechanical stretch (i.e. increased intratracheal pressure) on fetal lung growth has been extensively studied in tracheal occlusion (TO) models [30], [31], where the number of proliferating alveolar type II cells significantly increased.