Sentence examples for mechanical stimulation leads from inspiring English sources

The mechanisms whereby mechanical stimulation leads to a defined cell reaction are not known, but the application of physiological micromovements in extracorporeal tissue chambers is a promising approach to the formation of hard tissue.

This seems a plausible scenario because mechanical stimulation leads to rather large Na+cyt load, which would lead to depolarization of astrocytes.

Collagen I immunofluorescence intensities were low within both free swelling and loaded constructs, but mechanical stimulation led to significantly higher levels compared to static controls (p = 0.023).

However dynamic mechanical stimulation led to differentially high expression of collagens with collagen II in the cartilage-like layer, collagen X in the interfacial layer and collagen I in the bone-like layer and mineral deposits localized to the bone layer.

In contrast, administration of rAAV sox9 did not modulate the proliferative processes in the samples over time versus control treatments in any of the systems evaluated (even though mechanical stimulation led to increased activities), again consistent with the known activities of SOX9 (Akiyama et al. 2004) and with our findings in isolated human bone marrow-derived MSCs (Venkatesan et al. 2012).

Overall, mechanical stimulation led to significantly greater collagen type I and SCXA mRNA levels (p < 0.05) compared with unstimulated cultures (8 h, Table  2).> -wrap-foot> The data is displayed as the back transformed mean difference of experimental group minus control group (confidence interval of difference).

Lack of mechanical stimulation can lead to stem elongation and poorly developed root systems [37].

Therefore, altered function of epithelial and endothelial cells induced by mechanical stimulation may lead to the modulation of the activation of neutrophils and macrophages in the lung via proinflammatory cytokines [ 14] and arachidonic acid metabolites [ 33].

In our study, disturbance of the ER network and microtubule cytoskeleton through mechanical stimulation also led to the appearance of diffuse strands of ER or microtubules that moved within the cortical cytoplasm.

Indeed, mechanical stimulation of astrocytes leads to an increase of Ca2+cyt and subsequent release of glutamate (Innocenti et al., 2000; Hua et al., 2004; Montana et al., 2004).

Bone cells can sense physical forces and convert mechanical stimulation conditions into biochemical signals that lead to expression of mechanically sensitive genes and proteins.