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As a system control, it was clear that the activation of the naive B1-8-IgM-BCRs expressed in Ramos B cells was also dependent on mechanical force with a multi-threshold effect.
We also analyzed the volume of these signaling molecule microclusters by quantifying the FI of the microclusters and confirmed that the FI of pSyk, pPLCγ2, and pTyr microclusters produced by different NP-TGT molecules is dependent on mechanical force with a similar multi-threshold effect.
We similarly observed that the volume of the BCR microclusters is dependent on the strength of the mechanical force with 56 pN NP-TGT sensors producing much bigger and brighter BCR microclusters than 43 pN and 12 pN NP-TGT molecules.
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In this article, we highlight advances in the development of molecular force sensing techniques and discuss our recently expanded set of FRET-based tension sensors that allows the analysis of mechanical forces with piconewton sensitivity in cells.
This study highlights the complex interaction of mechanical forces with the BMP signalling cascade.
We found that the pretreated B cells still maintained the general patterned dependence on mechanical forces with a multi-threshold effect.
The contact area after IgM-BCR activation is dependent on mechanical forces with multi-threshold effects and such a pattern is still evident at low density of NP-TGT sensor.
However, it was clear that the outside-in activation of integrin did not change the fact that B cell activation is dependent on mechanical forces with a similar multi-threshold effect.
A prosthetic component was classified as loosened when its anchoring released without or with minimal mechanical force asserted with few hammer blows.
Once assembled, the focal adhesion retains a strong and nearly irreversible (in the absence of a mechanical force) association with the substrate.
Severe TBI was judged as damage to the brain resulting from external mechanical force, along with a Glasgow Coma Score of 8 or below [ 6, 7].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com