Besides its neurotrophic function, BDNF is a pain modulator acting in the efficiency of glutamatergic and GABAergic/glycinergic synapses [7].
rPE activates the neurotrophic function and angiogenesis, thereby facilitating neurogenesis and synaptogenesis which improve the memory and the cognitive functions, e.g., [15,43-45].
Our results indicate that SERPINA3K protects Müller cells under the oxidative stress and thus, may have potential neurotrophic function in the retina.
These findings advance our understanding of neurotrophic function of brain sex steroids.
This neurotrophic function of TBPH, nevertheless, was not sufficient to rescue the neuronal levels of the vesicular protein Syx.
Previous research suggests that APOE might play a neurotrophic function in the central nervous system and that altered functioning of this molecule could result in neurodegeneration [ 46].
In addition, the neurotrophic function of PEDF promotes the survival of retinal neurons [ 98, 99], retinal progenitor cells [ 80], RPE cells [ 100] and photoreceptors [ 98, 100– 100].
Hence, the high energy demands imposed by neuronal function are not supported by the age-declining neurotrophic function of astrocytes; challenges to this neurotrophic support – in terms of astrocyte-generated lactate – become exacerbated with the age-dependent reduction in expression and translocation to the plasma membrane of neuronal glucose transporters (GLUT3 and GLUT4) (Jiang et al., 2013).
For example, sAPP is thought to have neuroprotective and neurotrophic functions [13], [14], which would be unique to the CNS and dependent upon its stability in the brain.
This lends further support to the conclusion that distinct domains within PrP exert neurotrophic functions in a variety of brain regions and cell types.
