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Measurement of renal perfusion is a crucial part of measuring kidney function.
Time-to-event outcomes were more often investigated than quantitative outcome variables measuring kidney function over time.
In the current study, researchers assessed glomerular and tubular fitness by measuring kidney function markers in blood and urine, respectively.
Renal outcomes seem little affected by VLCDs; however, the studies measuring kidney function included only adults with normal kidney function, and the results cannot be extrapolated to those with any degree of kidney dysfunction.
Traditionally, these have been used to measure vital signs such as heart rhythm, oxygen level, and blood pressure [ 73, 74], however, an interesting approach for measuring kidney function is under development by the Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration (IZM), Berlin [ 75, 76].
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This helps physicians to measure kidney function of patients following nephrectomy.
The most accurate way to measure kidney function is to measure GFR with an injected exogenous marker such as, for example, iohexol.
Also, the use of eGFR significantly underestimates measured kidney function with obesity, and measuring changes in eGFR when body surface area is also changing is problematic.
The Heart and Soul cohort had several unique attributes, including measured kidney function by CrCl on two occasions, the availability of stored urine and genetic material, and a 5-year follow-up interval.
Most studies of frailty and CKD have been among patients with ESRD, in community cohorts not specifically enriched for CKD [ 2, 5], or in CKD cohorts that employ estimates of kidney function limiting the ability to ascertain the strength of association between directly measured kidney function and frailty, independent of comorbidity and other factors.
Meanwhile, TIN inflammation was the best predictor of all measured kidney functions during three years, while tissue KIM-1 expression (P = 0.016) was a predictor only at 6 months after biopsy.
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measuring kidney perfusion
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