Generic measures are composed of items evaluating symptoms not specific to headache, and so they may be used for comparisons across different disorders.
The family of objective measures is composed of the overall perceptual score (OPS), the target-related perceptual score (TPS), the interference-related perceptual score (IPS), and the artifacts-related perceptual score (APS).
However, approaches based on high temporal resolution data usually lack the spatial resolution that is necessary to monitor heterogeneous and fragmented ecosystems, where reflectance measures are composed of spectral properties from several land cover types [35, 36] and aboveground carbon might change at finer spatial scales than captured in spatial coarse resolution data [12].
Reform measures are composed of interventions that focus on the organisation of the system, health financing, and the structure of payments to health care providers and institutions.
The measure is composed using the luminance comparison l u,v), the contrast comparison c u, v) and the structure comparison s u,v), as follows: QA 8 = l u, v ⋅ c u, v ⋅ s u, v, (23).
The primary outcome measure was composed by a Bronchitis-Sum-Score.
This latter measure is composed of three timed tests: 4-meter walking speed, balance, and chair stand tests[ 5].
The BCIS, which is a 15-item self-report measure, is composed of two subscales: self-reflectiveness (SR) and self-certainty (SC) [ 24, 25].
While this measure is composed of specific factors, it may be indicative of other environmental factors, such as water, air, ground, or industrial pollutants.
The health outcome and potential confounders were measured at the individual level, and the exposure measure is composed of an individual assessment (the participant's address in each year) and an ecologic component (district-level water quality measurements) assigned to the addresses.
