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At year one, students completed a survey packet that included measures of study abroad expectations, ethnocentrism, prejudice, intercultural communication apprehension, language interest and competence, intolerance of ambiguity, and academic and demographic variables.
Explicit judgments of conceptual complexity were also highly correlated with implicit measures of study time in a memory task, suggesting that complexity is directly related to basic cognitive processes.
However, most other measures of study quality were not shown to affect the results.
Data extracted included trial characteristics, measures of study validity, and clinically relevant outcomes.
Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the effects of selected measures of study quality.
Table 3 summarizes the measures of study quality for the eligible trials.
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For this, the measure of study size is plotted against the measure of interest.
A funnel plot is a scatterplot of treatment effect against a measure of study size.
Metabolically controlled designs were also recorded as a measure of study quality.
However, there remains no gold standard measure of study quality for observational research.
Adequate concealment of treatment of randomization was reported in only one study, a validated measure of study quality.
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