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Two measures of pedestrian behavior were examined: (a) the number of pedestrians entering the track area at 15 s or less before a train entered the crossing and (b) the number of pedestrians entering the track area at 6 s or less before a train entered the crossing with the flashers activated, a much riskier behavior.
Results also indicate construct validity through developmental differences in behavior; convergent validity by showing correlations between parent-reported child temperament and behavior in the virtual world; internal reliability of various measures of pedestrian safety in the virtual world; and face validity, as measured by users' self-reported perception of realism in the virtual world.
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By comparison, walking and chewing gum (that age-old measure of pedestrian skill at multitasking) is a snap.
Transportation for America listed it at No. 50 on its Pedestrian Danger Index, a measure of pedestrian deaths relative to the amount of walking in a particular area; the ranking was not for the number of pedestrian deaths for every 100,000 people.
Detour distance and delay at signalized crosswalks are formulated as a measure of pedestrian crossing cost.
52 The NDAI is an objective measure of pedestrian access to neighbourhood destinations; it characterises the distribution of urban infrastructure within an 800 m street network distance from the residence.
A recent study by Zhu et al. (2013) used a decomposition method to determine the contribution of these three components to the excess PCDR observed for male pedestrians; these authors used the number of kilometers walked as a measure of pedestrians' exposure.
Commonly used measures of the pedestrian environment rely on field data collection and subjective judgments.
This study develops objective measures of the pedestrian environment that use secondary data or plans for proposed neighborhoods and still correlate well with accepted subjective measures.
This cross-sectional study examined the independent and interactive associations between objective and perceived measures of neighborhood pedestrian traffic safety and outdoor active play.
To test this hypothesis, we develop an integrated approach, which incorporates different accessibility indices and perception measures of the pedestrian environment based on a geographical information system.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com