Significant cognitive effects were seen on 5 of 20 measures, primarily measures of motor speed and reaction time.
Kinematic analyses therefore yield highly sensitive measures of motor deficits that predict spinal cord injury in EAE mice.
To increase sample size, we additionally extracted pre and post practice data for measures of motor performance and muscle activity from another 17 studies.
Moreover, previous studies primarily examined the effects of practice on measures of motor performance and muscle activity, separately, but did not report the relationship between the two.
TMS offers now a wide array of measures of motor cortical excitability that covers many different forms of excitability, such as axon and inhibitory and excitatory synaptic excitability.
Texture specific exploration requires some degree of control over the hand movements, as was corroborated by measures of motor development and reaching movements.
However, in comparison to Wii training, the NTT approach yields superior results across measures of motor proficiency, cardiorespiratory fitness and functional strength.
Measures of motor cortex reactivity, e.g., the short interval intracortical inhibition and the cortical silent period, seem to point to an increased cortical excitability.
This finding was independent from the used data source, that is, associations reported in the literature and correlation coefficients additionally calculated from extracted pre and post practice data for measures of motor performance and myoelectric activity.
On measures of motor function, language, and seizure frequency, however, the children appeared to deteriorate more slowly compared with untreated patients, dropping about two points less on a nine-point scale than controls.
Links were also identified with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) [26], orofacial abnormalities such as cleft palate [27], and neurological functioning assessed through measures of motor control [28], emphasising the breadth of potential health benefits that could be achieved by reducing maternal smoking during pregnancy.
