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These showed strongest evidence of an emerging/increasing female excess for self-reported measures of headache, abdominal pain, tiredness, migraine and self-assessed health.
Method: A review of responses to measures of headache impact (e.g., duration, medication use) and emotional distress (Brief Symptom Inventory, BSI) completed by 292 patients attending a headache clinic was conducted.
Primary measures of headache include the attack frequency or headache days per month.
Secondary measures of headache may include headache activity/index, headache duration, peak headache severity, and/or frequency of severe headaches per month.
Researchers should include not only primary measures of headache, but also secondary measures, disability and quality of life, and nonheadache measures.
We compared the three subgroups defined by self-reported menstrual headache status (i.e., MM, MAM, MUM) on characteristics and measures of headache impact.
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Participants in the treatment group improved significantly more than participants in the control group from pre-to post-treatment on measures of headaches, depression, anxiety, and quality of life.
LCT resulted in greater improvement than the other three conditions on all measures of headaches and medication consumption, and was the only treatment condition that significantly differed from the waiting-list control condition in terms of treatment responder rate (50% or greater reduction in headaches) and medication consumption.
Three versions of the HALT Indices serve different purposes as measures of headache-attributed burden, and offer different means of scoring.
Three versions of the HALT Indices have been developed to serve different purposes as measures of headache-attributed burden (see below).
Included in this mailing were multiple external validators: other instruments used in headache management and themselves well-validated as measures of headache-attributed impact, treatment optimization, health-related QoL (HRQOL) or comorbid depression.
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