7, 46 Given the aesthetic aspects of treating hypotrichosis of the eyelashes, which can be highly personal and extend beyond objective measurements, the pivotal trial also included patient-reported outcomes (PROs) as measures of efficacy.
But she sounded a note of caution, saying that she supported a move toward "comprehensive" measures of efficacy, but that the fund "should not become a specialized boutique to reduce unemployment".
The survey suggests a difference between clinicians and patients in the relevance given to the various measures of efficacy.
There were greater differences between triptans for tolerability, assessed as adverse events, than for measures of efficacy [13].
Well standardized and validated direct and indirect measures of efficacy and noncognitive outcomes are also a crucial issue.
Results: Different percentages of response to BoNT-A treatment are shown according to the items considered as measures of efficacy: Hd/Mi /Hd +Mi (Fig. 1).
Testing in animals with the equivalent human disorder provides informed estimates of doses and measures of efficacy, which aids in design of human trials.
Patient outcomes achieved by low and high volume hospitals/surgeons, including morbidity, mortality and length of hospital stay, were used as proxy measures of efficacy.
However, these measures of efficacy are distinctly different from those determined during chronic treatment and are therefore not necessarily predictive of clinical usefulness.
In light of the differences observed between study groups in the indirect measures of efficacy, we would also expect more remarkable differences between groups in treatment outcomes related to pain and the ability to perform ADL.
Future teacher PD programs should therefore (1) employ measures of efficacy more closely aligned to pedagogical practice; and (2) provide opportunities for teachers to explain evolutionary change orally and in writing.
