Many measures of contraception were the same on the two surveys, but small, statistically significant differences were found for vasectomy (7.7 and 6.3%), use of the pill (21.9 and 19.6%), rhythm (1.5 and 1.0%), use of a diaphragm (0.5 and 0.2%), and withdrawal (0.3 and 2.7%) for the BRFSS and the NSGF, respectively.
The national guidelines for standard care in contraceptive counselling includes taking a medical history (heredity, medication, previous pregnancies and previous experiences of contraception), measuring blood pressure and weight, counselling and provision of contraceptives (Medical Products Agency, 2005).
Progress on th e latter is measured by the prevalence of contraception, adolescent birth rate, antenatal care coverage and the unmet need for family planning, which refers to the number of women who want but do not have access to contraception.
Also, social desirability may cause incorrect reporting of measures like contraception, planned pregnancy and fertility.
The following SAHA items were used as measures of sexual risk behavior: use of contraception (condom use at last intercourse, use of contraceptives at last intercourse), and substance use at last intercourse.
The second, "unmet need for contraception," is a widely accepted measure of demand for contraception that would exist in a society if all women had geographic, economic, and social access to family planning services [ 25].
Infertility groups have urged members to vote against personhood amendments and the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has condemned personhood laws or amendments as a "grave threat to women's health" by introducing measures that would ban some forms of contraception and life-saving treatment for ectopic and molar pregnancies, and restrict IVF treatment.
We set out to measure the prevalence of modern methods of contraception, the unmet need for family planning and to identify factors associated with the use of modern methods of contraception among HIV positive women on anti retroviral therapy.
Only married women tend to talk about experiences and information about sex and contraception and have free access to contraceptive measures of the local family planning departments [ 28].
The measure also would have effectively banned some forms of contraception and even in-vitro fertilization, and 58 percent of voters said that was going too far.
Because it is a clinical method and the most common method of contraception, IUD use is a good proxy indicator to measure clinical contraceptive use in Egypt.
