Arbitron, the largest radio ratings service, has settled a lawsuit in California over how it measures minority audiences, agreeing to pay $400,000 and to abide by certain research methods in tracking black and Latino radio listeners.
By nearly every measure, minorities lag far behind Kinh people in such areas as wealth, nutrition and infant mortality.
Therefore, it is important to measure minority carrier lifetime to analyze the characteristics of solar cells.
One of Swanson's students, Ron Sinton, developed an instrument that could more easily measure minority-carrier lifetime in bare wafers.
Firstly, with increase in deposition power, the thickness of α-Si H layers and measured minority lifetimes increase, which reflect a relatively good mean passivation quality of SiNWs.
Sinton went on to found Sinton Consulting, which manufactures the instruments, now the standard means of measuring minority-carrier lifetime in the photovoltaics industry.
Some experts, however, argue that exit polls are not reliable tools of measuring minority voters.
Many of the pollsters active in Georgia are partisan-sponsored, and others rely on robocalls, which may increase the difficulty of measuring minority votes.
Exit polls are ill-equipped to measure minority voters at the precinct level - More from Cohn: "In general, entrance/exit polls are not well suited to measure the Hispanic vote.
The extraction stage is critical in ensuring clinical sensitivity of analytical methods measuring minority nucleic acid fractions, such as foetal-derived sequences in predominantly maternal cfDNA.
