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Main Outcome Measures: Independence in transfers and ambulation within 2 weeks of surgery.
The Barthel Index measures independence of a person in doing activities of daily life.
The Katz index measures independence of ADL on six items (bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, eating and the use of incontinence materials).
The validated Brazilian version of FIM [ 14 16] measures independence in 18 tasks, each one ranging in score from 1 to 7 and addressing motor activities, sphincter control, and cognitive skills.
The ADL staircase measures independence of, or dependence on, another person in five personal ADL items (i.e. bathing, dressing, going to the toilet, transferring, and feeding) Katz et al. [ 16], extended with four instrumental items (i.e. cleaning, shopping, transportation, cooking).
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A modified version of the Katz Index was used to measure independence with basic ADLs [ 22].
Several scales were used to measure independence used by a number of researchers [ 4, 53, 67], with Cronbach's alpha (α =.79, 83, 77).
The participation part includes items for measuring independence and frequency of participation and was derived from the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP) [ 14, 15, 20].
Main Outcome Measures: Functional Independence Measure™ (FIM), Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination.
In feature selection, χ 2 measures the independence of features with respect to the class.
Both the Wilks standard deviation and the uncorrelation index are, respectively, special cases of two general notions that we introduce: "randomness measures" and "independence indices" of random vectors.
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