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Schaffrath et al. (2015) identified comparable issues with both vertical and horizontal measures from pre- and post-flood ALS data being inadequately defined from the use of different geoid models and poor co-registration of flight lines, respectively.
Minimal differences were found for the POMS measures, with only POMS tiredness demonstrating a significant small to medium effect (see Table 5, group differences in secondary outcome measures from pre- to post-test comparing those assigned to the control condition versus the intervention condition).
Change scores for the two primary outcome measures, from pre to post and from pre to follow-up, were calculated for each intervention group participant.
There is a marked change in most of the measures from pre to post surgery.
Both groups reduced state and trait anxiety measures from pre to post intervention; however, no significant group × time interaction effects were noted.
We expect that individuals randomised to receive iCBT, compared to matched controls, will demonstrate significantly greater improvements in secondary outcome measures from pre- to post-intervention.
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The primary outcome is change in self-reported anger on validated measures from pre-treatment to 1 week after the final session.
We examined the changes in the summated scale explanation measures from pre-visit to post-visit for the four organisms (virus, finch, ant, and human) included in both questionnaires.
Large (>.8) within-group effect sizes were found on the BDI-II, PHQ-9 and K-10 measures from pre-treatment to post-treatment.
Linear mixed models were fitted to analyse the change in outcome measures from pre-operative to 12-month assessment, and to see which variables were independently associated with better outcomes at six and 12 months post-operatively.
The position and angulation of maxillary (U1) and mandibular central incisor (L1) and maxillary (U6) and mandibular first molar (L6) were measured from pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms to evaluate where the changes in the occlusal plane occurred.
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