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Without these measures, excess iron gets deposited in the liver, heart and pancreas, where it can cause cirrhosis, liver cancer, cardiac arrhythmias and diabetes.
Main outcome measures Excess risk of myocardial infarction per 10 µg/m increase in pollutant level.
We have dealt with this possible bias by applying the PAF, which measures excess cases only (27 ).
In such a study, λ0 is taken to be the baseline mortality of the standard population and β measures excess risk for the patients under study.
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Historically, explanations of wage determination typically relied on unemployment to measure excess labour supply.
And if so, I don't see how you can draw the kind of clear division that Beutler does between studies that measure excess deaths and studies that measure health indicators.
The point is that helium is a reference gas for measuring excess sorption of all other gases.
We analyzed Neandertal segmental duplications by measuring excess read-depth to identify and predict the copy number of duplicated sequences, defined as those with >95% sequence identity (62).
For example, we measure the share of excess spending caused by diabetes when ischemic heart diseases is the primary diagnosis, and then also measure excess spending caused by ischemic heart disease when diabetes is the primary diagnosis.
Two simple models were simulated using the FATI code which incorporated a PID (proportional integral derivative) controller that adjusted the Li6/Li7 ratio in order to increase/decrease tritium production based on the difference between the measured excess tritium inventory and the desired excess inventory.
These ontological ruptures can be identified despite the fact that both research projects assess population structure by examining departures from HWP (i.e., they measure excess homozygosity), and are completely consistent (e.g., Winther 2014; Ludwig 2015; Edge and Rosenberg 2015 forthcoming).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com