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Prothrombin time specifically measures activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway activated by tissue factor.
To investigate this, we utilized the Topflash luciferase reporter assay which measures activation of canonical Wnt signaling and its subsequent inhibition by the non-canonical signaling pathway [27], [28].
Recently, we have described a receptor ERE-green fluorescent protein (GFP -reporter test system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which measures activation of ER- α and ER- β independently.
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To determine whether IRS-1 and -2 couple IGF-IR to distinct downstream pathways, we used phosphorylation-specific antibodies to measure activation of PI3K and MAPK pathways, two of the predominant signalling pathways activated by IGF-IR.
As conjugation of LC3 to PE only occurs after induction of autophagy, its detection has become the gold standard for measuring activation of this catabolic process.
To test this, we measured activation of the same five signaling proteins following stimulation with the PKC agonist prostratin and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor SAHA, alone and in combination.
We measured activation of DLPFC during a WM task in a longitudinal fMRI study in ten schizophrenia patients first when they received conventional antipsychotics (T1) and a second time after they had been switched to olanzapine (T2).
As the subject hunts for innocent victims to kill off, researchers measure activation of the neural pathways.
Perhaps the most widely used is skin conductance, a technique that is questionable as a means of identifying whether a single person is telling the truth but universally accepted as a means of measuring activation of the sympathetic nervous system -- the part of human architecture that prepares the body for giving a hug, throwing a punch, wrinkling up a nose, or running away.
We measured activation of reporter genes for the Cpx, Bae, and Rcs envelope stress responses (cpxP-lacZ activated by CpxR, spy-lacZ activated by BaeR and CpxR, rprA-lacZ activated by RcsB, Fig. 3).
For apoptosis assays in cell culture, we measured activation of caspase-3 and -7.
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