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During the measurements the sample was rotated at a speed of 4 s/revolution.
After the STM/ARPES measurements, the sample was characterized ex situ by X-ray reflectivity and Rutherford backscattering, to determine the TI film thickness and the chemical composition.
During these measurements, the sample must be kept stable and clean.
For scanning and force spectroscopy measurements the sample is actuated by a simple piezo disk actuator, shown in the figure to the right.
Improvements to the fabrication process towards lowering the amount of electric losses in the resonator are discussed in Supplementary Note 4. For cryogenic electrical measurements, the sample holders are mounted to a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator with a base temperature of 10 mK.
For surface measurements, the sample was unloaded from the MBE chamber after the QD deposition.
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For diffuse reflectance measurements, the samples were scanned over the range 800 to 240 nm.
Before the isotherm measurements, the samples were thoroughly dehydrated and degassed by heating stepwise to 413 K for p-t-butylcalixarene and 623 K for r2KCHA under high vacuum overnight on a Micromeritics ASAP2010/2020 analyser.
For the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization measurements, the samples were first cooled down to 2.5 K in zero field, then the magnetic field was applied and the temperature raised to 50 K with 1 K/min.
Before the measurements, the samples were vacuumized at 343 K.
During the measurements the samples were stored under similar conditions.
More suggestions(15)
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