Main Outcome Measures: Spirometric measurements of oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold obtained from a peak exercise treadmill test using the modified Bruce protocol.
Local gas retention, gas velocity and bubble size have been measured and linked to the classical global measurements of oxygen transfer coefficient and of horizontal liquid velocity.
Electrode measurements of oxygen tension have thus far served as the gold standard for its determination.
Real-time, non-invasive measurements of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) were measured and correlated to mitochondrial function and glycolysis respectively.
Measurements of oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in room air and air leaving each cage were measured every 4 min.
Oxygen dependent quenching of phosphorescence allows for non-invasive measurements of oxygen in tissue.
They then compare their models' predictions to the measurements of oxygen levels, water temperatures and algae growth collected over the past century.
More recent measurements of oxygen isotopes and alkenones found in fossilized planktonic remains--which also are believed to correlate with sea surface temperatures--support the idea of a stable tropics.
Intra-PEM fuel cell measurements of oxygen distribution at various fuel-cell loads are used to demonstrate concentration gradients, non-uniformities, and anomalous fuel cell operation.
The spatial stability introduced by this method allowed for long term measurements of oxygen tension without interfering with the cell aggregation process.
However, energy expenditure is usually measured by the less cumbersome techniques of indirect calorimetry, in which heat produced by the body is calculated from measurements of oxygen inhaled, carbon dioxide exhaled, and urinary nitrogen excreted.
