Policy evaluation efforts have had their own difficulties, however, including problems in measurement and problems in determining what is capable of being assessed.
The challenges include difficulty specifying a workable definition of quality, challenges determining appropriate levels and locations of measurement, and problems interpreting the meaning and significance of change alongside the effects of case-mix and other factors [ 14- 16].
However, even with all these potential capabilities, EMA research in the alcohol field still is associated with some limitations, including the potential for measurement reactivity and problems with acceptability and compliance.
This chapter discusses Seiici Nakajima's five principles of total productive maintenance (TPM), together with the measurement, condition, and problem prevention of a TPM improvement plan.
The microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are penetrating more and more into measurement and control problems because of their small size, low cost, and low power consumption.
We examine this question in a setting that is not fraught with the typical measurement and identification problems found in many pay-performance settings.
Researchers have wrestled with a range of methodological issues, including research designs, selection bias, quality measurement, and the problems of evaluating outcomes.
This type of design enables the collection of quantitative and qualitative data during one phase and it involves interviewing the same persons using different techniques, which in turn could help to identify measurement and methodological problems [ 26, 27].
Polynomials are also used in analysis of ambulatory blood pressure measurements and also biostatistics problems (cf. [49]).
Recently, there were many special numbers and polynomials having applications in not only mathematics, but also in physics, in computer science, in engineering and in the analysis of ambulatory blood pressure measurements and also biostatistics problems.
