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Compared to self-reports (e.g. multiple 24 hr. recalls), biomarkers are alloyed gold standards that can additionally be assumed to have independent measurement errors from those of the test measure itself (i.e. FFQ).
For each protocol, we identify the optimal cutoff point for a range of assay measurement errors from 100,000 simulated titres based on the fitted titre responses from infections in our study population, that maintains a specificity of >95% (top row).
Barring measurement errors from the ranging procedure itself, it is shown that with a constellation of 10 satellites, we can achieve a standard deviation of roughly 4% on the estimated mean neutral density.
We have further shown that baseline instabilities are caused by variation in gradient field between the absolute and variometer pillars in addition to the measurement errors from absolute observations and variometer recording.
In this paper, it is shown how the parameters of first and second order plant transfer functions, stable or unstable, with time delay can be found exactly, assuming no measurement errors, from measurements of the parameters of a single asymmetrical limit cycle in a relay controlled feedback loop.
Also, estimates are potentially contaminated by measurement errors from the division bias (cf. Ziliak and Kniesner 1999).
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In addition, self-reported measures of previous sunlight exposures may result in measurement error from difficulty in remembering habits in the past.
This paper considers measurement error from a new perspective.
Time series lipidomics data is used for this purpose, as it makes it possible to visually distinguish the correlated measurement error from a biological response.
In addition, the adapted methodology did not isolate completely the measurement error from the inherent variability.
I parameterized the distribution of measurement error from a stationary GPS collar and ran simulations that suggested the spurious effects of measurement error are unlikely to occur for measured step lengths >20 meters.
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