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Adjusting the policy to appropriately account for measurement error means that the policymaker becomes less responsive to the raw data.
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Ebramzadeh et al concluded that the 3D measurement error (mean difference from the micrometer true value) with PolyWare was 0.10 mm (mean and median) with the use of laboratory radiographs of a phantom.
The ETKF gave an unbiased estimate of EnKF analysed error variance, although differences in the treatment of measurement errors meant the results were not identical.
Results: The final FHS item bank contained 36 items (patient separation, 2.3; root mean square measurement error, 5.9; mean square ± SD infit, 0.9±0.5; outfit, 0.9±0.9).
Corresponding to Generalizability Theory [ 22] we determined sources of measurement error by means of a multilevel random intercept model [ 23].
To minimise measurement error, the means of each woman's left and right readings for percent density, absolute dense and lucent areas were used.
Finally, despite our attempts to minimise measurement error by means of reader training and blinding, it is possible that this still represents a substantial component of the unexplained within-individual variability.
Theoretically, the area of an 8-mm diameter circle (area = π·r) is 50.27 mm; however, due to overstretching of the wing membrane and human measurement error, the mean ± standard deviation initial wound area we measured was slightly larger at 52.38 ± 2.74 mm (n = 62).
The new predict-correct algorithm achieved the lowest angle measurement error: <5° mean error during normal and toe walking.
The quantity n k (i) is the measurement error with mean equal to zero and which corresponds to bus k.
Normally distributed measurement error (with mean 0 and variance 1) was added to the phenotype at each time point for each individual.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com